Hamlet by William Shakespeare Essay Example for Free

village by William Shakespe atomic number 18 EssayYou make decision ordinary whether it is choosing what you make for breakfast or choosing what you want to be when you grow up. It is natural in humans to make decisions and act on what they believe is to be true. This not only applies to humans, moreover authors use them in their books or plays to create different types of characters. In one of the greatest works by William Shakespeargons Hamlet, there are characters that make many different kinds of decisions that determine their role in the book. In the play, the protagonist Hamlet, after his fathers death, is angry about his mothers hasty marriage to Claudius.He sees a ghost of his father one night and tells him that Claudius had murdered him. Hamlet plans to despatch Claudius but he has trouble do decisions and throughout the play, his poor decision making skills bring d avouchfall to himself and many others. Every tragic hero has a tragic flaw and Hamlets tragic flaw i s his inability to make decisions. Hamlets inability to kill Claudius after hearing from the ghost, that he had kil direct Hamlet Senior, contributes to his stubborn on the fence(predicate)ness, which brings about his own downfall.His indecisiveness leads to many characters deaths such as Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, Laertes, Polonius and his own mother. He had many chances of killing Claudius but he constantly over thinks the status thus delaying his major task of killing Claudius To take him in the purging of his soul When he is fit and seasoned for his passage? No. Up, sword, and hit the sack grounds a more horrid hent. When he is drunk asleep, or in his rage, Or in th incestuous pleasure of his bed, At game a-swearing, or about some act That has no relish of salvation in t.Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven (III. III. 85) This is an object lesson of Hamlet being indecisive on whether or not to kill Claudius in the Church after the Mouse Trap play. He settle dow ns not to kill him there because he is praying and therefore will be forgiven for his sin. This results in delaying of his main task and also made more room for error such as killing Polonius and also getting sent to England, which leads to Rosencrantz and Guildensterns deaths. If Hamlet would have sinkd to kill him then, he would not have created the mess he depots up making at the end.Hamlets inability to talk and discuss to Ophelia about what is happening, after she starts rejecting his messages, leads to losing his love and ultimately ends up to her demise. unconstipated though they were in love, when Ophelia begins rejecting Hamlets messages because Polonius told her to, Hamlet tells Ophelia that she was not worth anything to him. This leads her to believing that Hamlet does not love her anymore. As a conclusion, she goes crazy and out of control for typesetters case By Gis and by Saint Charity,Alack, and fie, for shame Young men will do t, if they behave to t. By Cock, th ey are to blame.Quoth she, Before you tumbled me, You promised me to wed. So would I ha done, by yonder sun, An thou hadst not come to my bed. (IV. V. 40) This is the scene where she has become insane. She sings about how a man promised her to marry her before they went into bed together but he left her. On top of Hamlets rejection, Hamlet has killed her father, Polonius, so she has completely lost control of herself.She sings a very sorrow vocal music in front of many people and also gives out fake flowers to people. After this scene, she ends up committing suicide at the lake. If Hamlet had talked with Ophelia about what was going on and why she was ignoring her messages, she would have not become insane and Hamlet and Ophelia would still be in love. Hamlets final flaw is his inability to get back whether life is worth living or not, which contributes to his stubborn indecisiveness, which ultimately leads to his own downfall. Hamlet is very confused about his own life and is out of his mind.He is very depressed from his fathers death and the feeling of betrayal he has from Gertrude, his mother, who remarried right after his fathers death. He does not know if life is worth living or not and this is obvious when he says To be, or not to bethat is the question Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous good deal Or to take arms against a sea of troubles And by opposing end them. To die, to sleep No moreand by a sleep to say we end The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to.Tis a consummation Devoutly to be wished. To die, to sleep To sleepperchance to dream ay, theres the rub, For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause. (III. I. 56) This is his famous soliloquy on the topic of life. He compares life and death and he cannot decide whether or not to stay alive or to be dead. He believes that death is the way to escape all his troubles and his depression but then on the other side, he knows he needs to complete the task of killing Claudius.His indecisiveness about his own life delays his action from doing what he really wants to implement. Even though Hamlet kills Claudius at the very end, as a result of his indecisive behavior, he has taken way too much time to accomplish one single task. Also, it killed many innocent people he could have prevented from killing them. If Hamlet would have not been so depressed and actually decide whether or not he should stay alive or die, he might have had a better chance accomplishing his tasks much faster and efficient.Clearly, Hamlet is very indecisive all over and his indecisiveness brought about his own downfall. His mothers death, his loves death and his friends deaths are all caused by Hamlet. If he were to be decisive and straightforward, he could have killed Claudius much faster and he also could have prevented all of the deaths that happened. Many theories cause to e xplain why Hamlet takes so long to kill Claudius but out of many theories, Hamlets indecisiveness is the only one with copious satisfactory answers.Every book or play has a tragic hero and every tragic hero has a tragic flaw and in the play Hamlet, there is no exception. These themes present in many of William Shakespeares plays are relevant even today. There are times when we are indecisive when it comes to difficult situations. To be able to decide and to act on what you decided to do is what we try to aim for, however, since Hamlet did not complete this, he led himself to his own downfall and also many others to their downfall as well.

Video Case Study Essay Example for Free

Video Case Study Essay1. In the 21st century what trends in the environmental forces (social, economic, technological, competitive, and regulatory) (a) work for and (b) work against success for Prince Sports in the tennis industry?a) The social media and technology have helped the success for Prince Sports. b) The economy and competitors work against the success of Prince Sports.2. Beca enforce sales of Prince Sports in Tennis-related products depends heavily on growth of the tennis industry, what selling activities might it use in the U. S. to promote tennis playing? They could hold local city tournaments. They could also sponsor a tennis team or donate tennis rackets to a school to promote playing tennis.3. What promotional activities might Prince use to reach (a) recreational players and (b) junior players? a) School sponsorship, hosting junior tournaments, wind vane advertisements, social media presence.4. What might Prince do to help it gain distribution and sales in (a) m ass merchandisers like Target and Wal-Mart and (b) specialty tennis shops? a) Focus on circulars (ads in Wal-Mart paper) organizing tennis rackets in a positive way that could increase sales. Find a way to sell their rackets for cheap.b) Suggest sponsoring an athlete or render custom displays in the store. Focus on wall space, and making the best racket. Personal selling, and market the product to the important people.5. In reaching global markets extraneous the U.S. (a) what are some criteria that Prince should use to select countries in which to market aggressively, (b) what three or four countries meet these criteria best, and (c) what are some marketing actions Prince might use to reach these markets? a) Are there professionals from the country, Economy status, Demographics, b) Germany, United Kingdom, France, Czech Republic, c) Find an athlete and convince them to be sponsored by your company.

Philosophy In Aristophanes Play The Clouds Philosophy Essay

Philosophy In Aristophanes Play The Clouds Philosophy EssayAristophanes play The Clouds is a play that is very intricate and in legion(predicate) ways speaks to the nature of mankind. It is a play that makes comments on the thoughts of the period period, predominantly comments towards philosophy.The plot of this story involves a father and his son. The father, Strepsiades, is a wealthy man, but is currently to no longer be a wealthy man if he does not do something closely his situation. His situation is primarily that which involves his son. The father is in vast debt at the beginning of the story because of the reckless and frivolous nature of the son Phidippides. The father is at a loss at the beginning of the play, not discriminating what to do about all his debts.The father then hears about the Thinking shop where commonwealth get together and learn the art of line of reasoning in relationship to the field of philosophy. The father sees this as a form of hope for his prob lems. He think that if he can learn the art of persuasive argument he can pull one over on his creditors and come out ahead in the long run. Unfortunately, the father soon get winds that he has no gift for learning the art of argument. He is a lost cause at the school and he is deemed too stupid to really be taught this bonny art.He then sends his son to the school hoping his son could learn and then argue against the creditors. However, this plan backfires on the father. The son learns to argue incredibly well, he is a natural at it, and he turns his argument towards his father, beating him up and then offering such a logical argument that his father could not complain. However, in the end, when the son claims that he could well argue a reason to beat up his mother, the father pass aways enraged and burns d knowledge the Thinkery.Aspect I go steady interesting in Aristophanes The Clouds, is the fact that even though its obvious Aristophanes is preaching to readers a more(preno minal) non-religious message of the importance of truthfulness, civic responsibility, and virtue, the play takes on a religious tone. In doing some background research into why this would be, I discovered that Aristophanes religious undertones could stem from the fact that Athenians were trying to harmonize science and religion. When rude(a) scientific theories were starting to surface and be questioned, many people couldnt even consider them without sounding as if they were committing treason against the state. Aristophanes turns to religion in order to remind his audience that both religion and science have to be equally open to questions, criticism, and even in Aristophanes case, satire. This suggestion, that certain things need to be equally suceptable to critique and questions can also be seen through the way that Aristophanes suggests there is both a problem with the accepted model of a well-rounded education, and the newer model brought about by such philopophers as the So phists. Aristophanes saw the danger in not questioning an accepted theory or feeling. Despite the fact I curb with Johnson in that Aristophanes may be a staunch defender of old values, Aristophanes saw that if something widely accepted was left unquestioned for too long, it would become idle. Basically, an psyche that I believe should be applied more in the world we live in today. A traditionally accepted theory or thought could lose the exact fundamentals and values it was based on.This play has a very obvious shift in tone as Johnston mention in his essay. in the end of his essay, he mentions the ending Aristophanes chooses for The Clouds. I drib into the group that Johnson says, see that this powerful ominous ending as a persuasive possibility. As Johnson says, Aristophanes traps his audience theyre engaged because of the humor and satircal nature of the beginning of the play. We can laugh at someone, like Socrates, that we have nothing in common with. But as the satire gets closer and closer to us with Strepsiades burning d let the Thinkery, it becomes obvious that the audience is no longer laughing at Socrates, with whom we have nothing in common, but rather at the vision of the people we could become if we engage behavior motivated by self-interest.Ironically, as Johnson points out, Aristophanes was correct in his warnings. Athens did fall due to its own self-destruction. I find it interesting and a little bit scary because I believe we could apply this ominous warning to our own nation. We are guilty, just as the Athenians were, of sometimes being too proud of our political independence. I believe wars, like that in Iraq, could lead to our demise. Even more obvious to me is the fact that I definitely believe we are losing sight of our traditional chaste virtues. Americans find it so easy to point the finger, and refuse to understand our own beliefs, trying to impose them on others that may not be able to survive our view of what democracy or free dom should be. I find it morally questionable that we centralize our efforts thousands of miles away when we have so many problems that have the potential to be our end looming within the borders of our own country.Strepsiades is pointing forward to oft of the self-destructiveness which brought the Athenians, and countless other cultures proud of their values, to grief, Johnson says. I believe many of our leaders and citizens could never forsee a fate like this in America but it is that belief that has the potential to bring us off our self inflicted pedestal.Another interesting point Johnson brings to our attention is his warning in the problem of how do we keep the entire will of our children on whom we are going to depend? What is it that keeps children from exerting their superior power to abuse their parents when they dont get their way? I believe that this breakdown of the immediate family is universal in our modern-daysociety. While its a bit different than what Johnson i s suggesting, never before in history, has our lack of respect and concern for those who came before us been so obvious.Unfortunately, I cant think of a family who has a sick grandparent or other elder member of their family living in their home. Nursing homes and hospitals have become a place where we can tuck them away so as not to have to forfeit any aspect of our lives in order to abet preseve theirs. If we forget and turn a blind eye to traditions formerly viewed as important in our society, we run the risk of as Johnson puts it, being left with a situation in which the only basis for human relationship is power. Power is the basis for all of our accepted laws and behaviors, if that for some reason shifts, so would the laws. Then, as Johnson suggets, a son would be free toharm his parents.Aristophanes does have somewhat of a different view of justice than Socrates. Whereas I believe Aristophanes is concerned more with governmental consequences of actions and adoption of certai n beliefs that could be considered treason, Socrates believes that consequences will come not in his lifetime, but rather after his death. In The Apology, Socrates speaks of death as more of an inscrutable something he cant be afraid of, because he doesnt understand what it means. In Socrates eyes, death has the potential to be something great, as long as a individual lives a good and virtuous life. Aristophanes, on the other hand, seems to be more concerned with what his peers and leaders will think of him and do to him and others, if they commit some mixed bag of a crime. Aristophanes paints a potrait of death as more of an end, rather than having the potential to bea beginning.Comedic satire and philosophical dialectic are similar in that they are both practices of arriving at the truth by the exchange of logical (and in the case of satire, funny) arguments. In thedialectic, its by presenting a thesis, developing a self-contradictory antithesis, and combining and resolving t hem into a coeherent synthesis, and in satire its by attacking human vice through irony and wit. In the case of Aristophanes, he urges the people of Athens to make changes through his satirical play.This play is essentially can be piece of work which we can applicable to our own world. When we do not take time to check practices and beliefs, we have the potential to lose our value and what we thought important at the beginning. Even though people at that time would have just watched the play and laughed about it, Aristophanes actually aimed for very serious warning.A nation too proud and too sure in its own beliefs and politics has proven through history, never to work. We sometimes dont try or refuse our time to examine our belief and value. If we do not set our moral goals and hopes, one day we can have the same problem as Athenian has suffered..

Discussing The American Ideals In The Post War Period English Literature Essay

Discussing The Ameri fucking Ideals In The Post War Period English Literature EssayThroughout this essay I shall be discussing the Ameri foundation rarefieds in the post-war period. I will question whether Ameri end Culture is all about conforming to cardinal hotshot incontrovertible ideal. Therefore, I will be concentrating on Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman (1949) and David Mamets Glengarry Glen Ross (1982). These texts argon of particular interest from a theoretical point of view because the time of their writing spans a period from the end of modernism through to post-modernism. As such they offer a valuable opportunity to examine the Ameri grass dream.All hands are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. (Jefferson, 2004, p48)This pursuit of happiness is now what is seen as the American dream. A result within the phylogeny of economical trade, the uppermost def inition of Americas pursuit of happiness is achiever, ofdecade rejecting the original values within the declaration, all men perhaps created equal and the pursuit of happiness soon denies equality.Miller and Mamet, present comprises where equality has been denied making way for the competitive realness that is conforming to one single incontrovertible ideal(Clark). It was Calvin Coolidgewho said, The phone line of America is Business(Coolidge, 1968, p3) cozy uping America non as a land of opportunity besides a land of capitalism. Coolidge goes on Of short letter the accumulation of wealth cannot be unspoiledified as the chief end of existence (Coolidge, 2007, p358). When numbering at the two plays, it is easy to see how Coolidge came to this decision. An immediate evolution can be seen even within the titles. Millers play Death of a Salesman (1940s) shows that the play is clearly about the death of a man who was a salesman. Whereas, Mamets play Glengarry Glen Ross (1980 s) is named after a plot of land, a product that is being sold. The man no time-consuming exists but has been consumed by a world where selling is life. By employ this as a starting point, it is easy to see how both Miller and Mamet create worlds were men are struggling to keep an existence as a result of the American gardening.As a Master craftsman (Richards, 1976, p4) Miller uses incredible detail in his stage directions, by using an change integrity wad Miller was able to create dramatic effect. This vista can be seen as the destruction taken place in Willys mind. This set could too be used as a theatrical tool to represent the destruction of any male mind, forced upon by the world in which it is set. Further more(prenominal), this setting in the likes of manner manages to retain the Aristotelian unity of time and place throughout the play, showing Loman not only as the typical 1940s family man, but also as a typical product of American culture. The majority of the action takes in Willys family home. The Brooklyn neighbourhood, a f ashionable place to be well liked(Miller, 1949, p2329). The first of the set of stage directions say the house is in fact a dream rising out of reality(p2327) reflecting the need to accomplish ones self in a world where money is the only acceptable goal, all of Willys achievements can be see within the house. What is more, this unity of time and place is also a tool that can be carried along the years to Glengarry with one difference, the family home has disappeared, the need to accomplish success is no longer to be well liked(2329), money is no longer an acceptable goal, but the only goal, this is the point where America is business.Benedict Nightingale described the Mamets characters within Glengarry asWilly Loman at work in the 1980s just as vulnerable but even more driven, even more compromised and distorted by the pressures of commerce and the harshness of society (Nightingale, p89)The willy loman at work in the 80s could also represent the exploded mind of Willy existence an un- immanent existence where boththing Willy once knew has now changed, the world that was changing is now reality in Glengarry Glen Ross. Mamet disregards everything that was once natural the garden, the family, the neighbours. Instead the new nature is that of human nature that has been developed to close and always be closing(Mamet, 1982). The men are only in two places, each the office or the restaurant by taking away the family scenes. Mamet has created a play beyond Loman, an existence where there isnt a real life or a proper existence, but an exploded mind, a mind full of expletives words, empty words that dont quite connect. This disintegration of language from the 1940s Death of a Salesman to the 1980s Glengarry Glen Ross is so well presented that it was referred to by the actors of the 1992 film adaptation as Death of a Fuckin Salesman(Harris, 2008), not even the language has been completed, it has only deteri orated to the point that the Salesman has to highlight his power by being that Fuckin Salesman. The characters themselves rarely complete a sentence, never mind completing it without profanity. They never complete a deal and the play does not complete itself.Figure one (to the left), shows a poster for a Death of Salesman it can be assumed that the image is Willy. The image could connote the idea that Willy is no longer in the spot light he is not the successful salesman. The character has his back turned, and is a shadow of a man.Willy is a man stand still in the shadows of a world constantly moving and so he continues using his own method, powers of persuasion, talk. Willys personal representations of the American vision are his brother Ben and the salesman Dave Singleman, and he views the success of these two men as something to aim for, he does not accept that these symbols of success are also past. As Willy looks to Dave Singleman for success, what could be more satisfying t han to be able to go, at the age of eighty-four . . . and be remembered and loved and helped by so many different people?(Miller, 1949, p2361) His admiration of Singlemans lengthy success illustrates his obsession with being well liked. He fathoms having people remember and love him as the ultimate satisfaction, because such warmth from business contacts would validate him in a way that his familys love does not. However, Willy Ignores, the fact that he was a single man still working at age eighty-four. Levene looks to Willy Loman as a Single-man figure, using similar tactics. Levene uses invention and improvise, he is the performative salesman, and like Willy he believes he can be successful in the future because he was successful in the past. When he performs the story of his successful sale with the Nyborgs, we actually hear Levine being referred to, as the Machine (Mamet, 1982) up to now he has been a failure Levine believes he can sell like he could when he was still hot.(Mame t,1982) This is Levene fatal flaw, just like Willy, he has a tendency to believe what he demands to believe.There is no growth or resolution by any of the characters. Its contacts Charley, I got important contacts(Miller, 1949, p2344) says Willy. Give me the leads(Mamet, 1982) Says Levene. Willy dies the death of a salesman Shelly says, I was born for a salesman Mamet, 1982, yet suffers the aforesaid(prenominal) fate as Willy. Levene is no longer conforming to the incontrovertible ideal but being murdered by it, the symbolic death of Levine the machine forces him to look back into the past like Loman, he depenitentiaryds of the glory of the past, but in this fast moving world the past doesnt exist. Levine has to try to cling on to individuation talks to the end like Loman I I (Mamet, 1982). The only resolution that appears is death, in Death of a Salesman it is the physical death of Willy, and in Glengarry, it is the finale of words, the ending of selling. Due to constant striv ing towards the American dream everyone seems unhappy in someway, they have not reached the incontrovertible ideal that acts as some sort of material completion.As well as the American Dream, both the plays show the characters performing to another incontrovertible ideal, and that is masculinity. A manIShis business organizationand you arefucked at yours (Mamet, 1982) Willy was his job, when his job was taken away from him, he ceased to exist. In Millers essay Tragedy of the Common Man, Miller identifies the tragic flaw of all common men as inbred unwillingness to remain passive in the face of what he conceives to be a challenge to his dignity, his image of his rightful status.(Miller, 1949, p1) Willy defines himself as a salesman, and feels that he must succeed in the business world to define himself as an accomplished man. Mamet believes that the idea that Willy perceives as being successful is the ideal that makes up the masculine identity. Mamet describes Glengarry as a ing roup comedy about men, work, and unbridled competition (Kane, 1992, p. 256) merging the idea that masculinity is capitalism, work is money, money is success, success is masculine. Mamets view shows a lowbred connection to masculinity, it is a gang of unbridled competition a pack like resemblance and Willys inherent unwillingness to remain passive(Miller) means he go out of place within the gang and therefore cast aside, the same can be said for Levene.Both plays represent the idea that all men are cogs in a working machine controlled by a higher power suggesting there are not only a gang at work but also a whole pack of wolves. As Shakespeare once claimed All the worlds a stage, and all themen and women merely players (Shakespeare, 2001,p417). In Glengarry the players are the salesmen playing in the world of Mitch Murray, the world of capitalism has become so powerful that there is no access or communication with the boss. This is where we can see the main difference between the two plays. In Death of a Salesman Willy is still able to communicate with his boss, Howard, not only communicate but also converse with.A raisonneur character is one that appears to express the authors opinions towards the subject matter. In the Death of a Salesman and Glengarry, the raisonneur puts forward an argument against the idea that American culture is all about conforming to one single incontrovertible ideal and in someway bring some morals to the narratives.I looked at the pen and I thought, what the hell am I grabbing this for? Why am I trying to become what I dont want to be . . . when all I want is out there, waiting for me the minute I say I know who I am. (Miller, 1949)For the first time in this competitive culture we see a character fighting out against the American Dream. Biff claims he is, who he is and conforming to an incontrovertible ideal would only change him. Biff is confident explaining this to his pose and goes on to explain that he comfortable with the f act that he is a dime a dozen,(Miller, 1949) accepting this allows Biff to escape the conformist culture, and escape from his fathers psychoneurotic lifestyle. Biff is now able to break away from the conventional. Biff goes on to tell his father You were never anything but a hard-working drummer who landed in the ash can like all the rest of them(Miller, 1949) Biff wants his father to know that he was successful he was a hard working man but a victim of the American Culture. Willy cannot understand any identity that goes beyond material success and a well liked status, all promised by the American Dream. By taking control of his own life with his own dreams, Biff is the real success.It is hard to find a raisonneur character in Glengarry however it can be argued that the act of stealing the leads is a revulsion against the capitalist hierarchy. Originally the reader is lead to believe that the thief is Aaronow, one of the quieter characters. In conversation, faster talkers like Moss and Roma easily overpower Aaronow. His dependence on the others is apparent as he tends repeat what other people are saying to him. Like Levene, Aaronow is not on the board and is in danger of getting fired. When the reader finds out Aaronow has not stolen the leads, he is then represented as a raisonneur rejecting the act, and therefore the dream. On the hand, Moss, who set up the robbery, fights against Levene, the true thief Fuck the machine (Mamet, 1982) this outburst acts as a fight against the traditional salesman.When looking at these two plays one can see how the American culture adapts to performing to the single ideal through modernism aspect of Death of a Salesman though to the condition of postmodernism in Glengarry, the disappearance of history, the death of the human and possibly humanity, a circumstance of Capitalism. As the motion moves the eternal present only exists by the next sale, there is no time to stop. Theodor W. Adorno says, In America there is no differen ce between a man and his economic fate. A man is made by his assets, income, impersonate and prospects. The economic mask coincides completely with a mans inner character (Adorno, 1999, p195) the Marx critic then goes on to explain, Everyone is worth what he earns and earns what he is worth(p195) product has become everything to substantiate yourself, produce and materials good have become an extension of ones self.The sales office in Glengarry represents a pure capitalist culture. Separating men by success, literally by a board, the top selling gets a Cadillac and to the other extreme the bottom man gets fired. In some way this environment is backward, cutting all relationships, every character must work for his own success as well as hope for or purposely intervene, into his co-workers failure the system is brutal and compassionless. At the plays climax, Levene questions Williamson about his motives to report him to the police, Williamson response, Because I dont like you.(Mamet ,1982) Williamson, a businessman himself, has been trained to fear and hate failure.Similarly, J. Ronald Oakley claims that American are consumed by desires for status, material goods, and acceptance, Americans apparently had confused the sense of individuality, thrift, hard work, and craftsmanship that had characterized the nation (Oakley, 1960) Oakley goes on to express that this materialistic America is due to the aftermath of World War II and that it exacerbated the ethical respite as a consumer culture blossomed and Americans became preoccupied with material goods (Oakley). This has been Willys fate his failure was already set as a man at that bottom of the capitalistic hierarchy. Willys whose world is represented in his house it is an extension of him. Props in the play such as the refrigerator, trophy and table with three chairs(Miller, 1949), have intend to show the different modern lifestyles that Willy, as a salesman has been able to keep to. The trophy represents succes s and how it was in reach for the Lomans and how they were close to getting the American Dream that has resulted in Willys down fall, the main object to his fatal flaw. Miller goes as far to represent the sense of individuality, thrift, hard work, (Oakley) which Oakley speaks of. The author describes his setting as a Solid vault of an apartment houses around the small. Fragile-seeming home(Miller, 1949), a dramatic devise used by Miller to show Willys failure to be a success and also creates a very enclosed feeling, the pressure Willy is experiencing, in trying to meet the demands of work, his family and in trying to achieve ultimate success. Moreover, this failure and belief is what has carried on through to the nineteen-eighties, merging both plays together into one circular narrative, as long as Americans keep conforming to one single incontrovertible ideal the American dream will stay alive, and the stories of the salesmans death will be continued.BibliographyAdorno in Kane Davi d Mamets Glengarry Glen Ross text and performance. (Vol 8) Routledge, 1999Coolidge in Fuess Calvin Coolidge The Man from Vermont,. Read Boook, 2007Coolidge in Berg The Business of America, Harcourt, Brace World, 1968Harris, Pacino Worldwide Movie Gallery 2008http//www.pacinoworldwide.com/pacinoworldwidemoviegallery/id37.htmlVisited 7/03/2010Jefferson, in Bernstien Thomas Jefferson The Revolution of Ideas. Oxford University Press US, 2004Kane, Brass Balls Masculine Communication and the Discourse of Capitalism in David MametsGlengarry Glen Ross in The Journal of Mens Studies(Vol 8) http//mensstudies.metapress.com/content/n72577l755jk307j/Viewed 07/03/2009Mamet, Glengarry Glen Ross (1982) in The Norton Anthology American Literature (vol E 7th ed) Baym W.W Norton company, 2007 (3042-3074)Miller, Tragedy and the common man. Department of English, University of California at Berkeley, 1949Miller, Death of a Salesman (1949) in The Norton Anthology American Literature (vol E 7th ed) Baym W.W Norton company, 2007 (2327-2389)Nightingale in Christopher Bigsby (ed) Cambridge Companion to David Mamet P89Oakley,Gods Country America in the Fifties, Yale University Press, 1960Richards, America on stage ten great plays of American history. University of Michigan, 1976Shakespeare, As you like it in A New Varioum Edition of Shakespeare Series Works,Classic Books Company, 2001

Islamic Art in the Western World | Essay

Moslem dodge in the Western World EssayIs there a place for Muslim Art in the westbound Domicile?IntroductionWhat is Islamic Art?Islamic cheat does non copy nature only if conveys what it represents.Islamic o.k.sse is a mirror of a culture and its world view. Islamic art is a vibrant and distinctive form of Art. Un equivalent Christian art, Islamic art is not constrained to religious work, but includes artistic traditions in the Muslim culture.Because of the strict ruling against drawings of human or animals which might result in idol worship, Islamic art developed a distinctive character makes use of primary forms, geometric arabesque, floral and c alligraphic.Muslim art has reflected this balanced, harmonious world view.Through its glorious use of colour and balance, Islamic art creates an immediate visual impact.In Islamic art, upsetting and sculpture argon not thought of as the finest forms of art. Crafts and cosmetic arts are regarded as having full art status. Books , on the other hand are a major art form and Writing has a high status in Islam as writing is considered signifi offert decoration for objects and buildings.Islamic Art seeks to illustrate the meaning and essence of things, sort of than just their physical form. It focuses on the spiritual representation of objects and beings and not their physical qualities.How is geometry seen to be spiritual?Because circles have no end they are infinite and so they remind Muslims that Allah is infinite. mixed geometric designs create the feeling of un-ending repetition this helps the person get an idea of the infinite nature of Allah.Repeating conventions also indicate that in the small you can find the infinite, a single element of the pattern implies the infinite total.The use of patterns is part of the way Islamic art represents nature and objects.Repeated geometric pattern oft use plant motifs, there are called Arabesque. Arabic lettering is also common.Art It is one of the purest and mo st meaningful forms of human communication. Where language often fails us, art can cross divide what we sometimes erect due to differences in race, ethnicity, religion and culture. Specifically, Islamic art, perhaps more than any other, presents a pleasing mirror of a culture and its world view. More than being just representative of a singular religion (as is often the case with Christian art), Islamic art deepens understanding rough Muslim culture, at large.It is for this reason that Islamic art should not only be tolerated when found in a western domicile, it should be encouraged and celebrated as a mechanism for the west to build a new respectful, productive and healing relationship with the East.On family line 11, 2001, the west was devastated by a series of coordinated suicide terrorists attacks organized by an Islamist fundamentalist group called Al- Qaida.After getting over the initial shock, pain and horror of this incalcul able loss, the west was left with one profound sentiment absolute confusion. We, in the West, simply had little understanding, not only of the motivation for the terrorist attack, but also of Islamic beliefs systems and principles, in general. And it is not a criticism, but simply an observation to note that the profoundly individualist mindset of the West, particularly America, had left us very isolated and without much understanding of global, philosophical, religious and cultural principles which differed from ours.It is now almost a decade after the horror of September 11, 2001, and although the West is equable much insulated and lacks the full understanding of Islam which is so critical to secure a more peaceful global environment, we have make significant strides. The attack was not only a source of great suffering in the West, but also a wake up call to remind us of our breakup and the fact that there is a huge global community out there of which we are only a small part. And, Islamic artists have made huge contributi ons to furthering the understanding of Islamic culture and religion.Some may view bringing Islamic art into ones bag as inviting argument and conflict. Narrow minded(p) people may view Islam as the enemy of the West. However more and more Westerners are coming to the understanding that Islam is not the enemy of the West, but rather a potential partner and friend.Art has been a powerful tool in aiding the West to come to this conclusion. Through art of all varieties, Westerners are able to learn about not only the Islamic which may differ from many of ours, but also about the areas where we have something in common.There are so many contemporary Islamic arts and ways to incorporate it in to a Western home. Of course, the immediate thought one has when the word art is mentioned, is probably visual art. Painters like Ali Omar Ermes, an Islamic artist based in the United Kingdom, introduce Western eyes to the beauty of Arabic lettering. Ermes work is significant in its exploration of the beauty of the written word or symbol. Writing, in the Islamic tradition, is highly regarded for its aesthetic beauty, and often utilized in architecture for its decorative effects, in addition to its simple meaning. Noura Sadaka, a Dubai-based talent, paints, draws and creates unique wooden and metal sculptures through which she tries to communicate the many ambiguities and struggles of being a woman caught between twain Western and Islamic identities. Noura is typical of many contemporary Arabic artists in this way. So many Islamic creators have shed new understanding about the ways in which many of the Islamic community feel great ties, love and respect for their peers in the West. Contrary to initial beliefs about Islam being the Wests enemy, such artists bring to light a much more complex and acute truth about the relationship between Islamic peoples and their Western counterparts.Visual art is definitely not the only way to bring Islamic creativity into ones abode. We ma y not normally think of magazines, television and the internet as sources of fine art so often it is full of mindless content that could not be qualified as creative, by any stretch of the imagination. However, television shows like PBSs ART 21, magazines like Brown Book and a variety of modern websites are exposing the West to Islamic artists whose work not only delights the senses it also educates and helps work out understanding. Even the HBO series, Def Poetry Jam, did much to change stereotypes of Islam, by showcasing young, Islamic slam poets, especially in the early years which followed the terrorist attacks.It is clear that Islamic art has an substantive function in furthering human understanding and connection. It is a bridge to create a dialogue when the traditional means are inadequate to express the subtle complexity of thoughts, emotions and ideas which drive us. By exploring the meaning an essence of things beyond their physical form, Islamic artists communicate some times unique, sometimes universal ideas about the spiritual questions with which all human beings grapple, regardless of their particular faith. For these reasons and more, Islamic art can hold a vital place in the context of a Western home expanding dialogue and understanding and, ultimately, promoting more peace and tolerance.

Child Abuse and Recovered Memories :: Child Abuse and Traumatic Amnesia

In the past there was a vast gray area amongst the time and the substance of an asseverate childhood sexual abuse and the subsequent recollection of that abuse. With the intense focus by psychiatric community and the criminal justice system to ascertain the truth, the colour in lines are becoming more black and white. With the reliance more on scientific methodology and better methods of achieving keeping reject there is less land for jurors to question whether abuse occurred or not.Traumatic amnesia is a documented, verifiable syndrome. The numerous studies that have been seen made , some coincident with the sexual abuse, others come from reposition recall of the abused are statistically reliable and evidentiary of the occurrences. Sexual abuse creates trauma that is impossible to duplicate in a laboratory telescope because the emotional responses that are experienced by the abused are far more complex than anything that can be stimulate artificially. Our better understa nding of memory and how it works is really new paradigms for differentiating traumatic ,memory recall from false memory (implanted ideas that are subsequently recalled.In the article by Ann Cossins ( vulcanized memories of childhood sexual abuse- fact or fantasy?), Cossins builds an excellent foundation for the acceptance of memory recall to validate the existence of abuse while rejecting the proponents of FMS, as potentially unscientific and basing their truths to be the subjective judgements of the accused. To adhere to a belief that recalled memory of sexual abuse is not reliable. We know empirically that this is not true. To reaping to our question of the reliability of recovered memory from childhood, I would have to conclude that the recovered memory is reliable. The recent cases in our criminal justice system dealings with the abuse by Catholic non-Christian priests of young boys have been successfully prosecuted because of our belief as a society that if it walks equal a duck , talks like a duck, the chances are, its a duck. In the past, such abuse might never have come to light because of our predisposition to believe that a priest was not capable of such behavior.Child Abuse and Recovered Memories Child Abuse and Traumatic AmnesiaIn the past there was a vast gray area between the time and the substance of an alleged childhood sexual abuse and the subsequent recollection of that abuse. With the intense focus by psychiatric community and the criminal justice system to ascertain the truth, the grey lines are becoming more black and white. With the reliance more on scientific methodology and better methods of achieving memory recall there is less reason for jurors to question whether abuse occurred or not.Traumatic amnesia is a documented, verifiable syndrome. The numerous studies that have been seen made , some concurrent with the sexual abuse, others come from memory recall of the abused are statistically reliable and evidentiary of the facts. Sexual abuse creates trauma that is impossible to duplicate in a laboratory setting because the emotional responses that are experienced by the abused are far more complex than anything that can be stimulated artificially. Our better understanding of memory and how it works is really new paradigms for differentiating traumatic ,memory recall from false memory (implanted ideas that are subsequently recalled.In the article by Ann Cossins (recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse- fact or fantasy?), Cossins builds an excellent foundation for the acceptance of memory recall to validate the existence of abuse while rejecting the proponents of FMS, as potentially unscientific and basing their truths to be the subjective judgements of the accused. To adhere to a belief that recalled memory of sexual abuse is not reliable. We know empirically that this is not true. To return to our question of the reliability of recovered memory from childhood, I would have to conclude that the recovere d memory is reliable. The recent cases in our criminal justice system dealing with the abuse by Catholic priests of young boys have been successfully prosecuted because of our belief as a society that if it walks like a duck , talks like a duck, the chances are, its a duck. In the past, such abuse might never have come to light because of our predisposition to believe that a priest was not capable of such behavior.

Essay --

A good day being crawled up on the couch watching television receiver socializing and stacking. Snacks be great So just chips, cookies, ice cream especi totallyy those Caramel choose. Food is not the easiest thing to understand. Food is much more than complicated than just eating it, because many foods can lead to a deadly epidemic called obesity. corpulency, a disease of the 21st-century, is causing millions to die each stratum because of health issues such as, heart disease and diabetes.obesity is defined as having excess body fat(CDC) obesity is quickly spreading and is very dangerous. Obesity is very different than being over exercising weight. Overweight is just another term for being fat were as, obesity means that your body is made up of 30% or more fat. (CDC) Globesity, The term was first used by World Health Organization meaning obesity is affecting a great instalment of the population. W. H.O. Termed the word globesity because obesity has turned into a global epidemic and is very popular. (WHO)The older you get the harder it is to lose weight. As you get older is harder to lose weight because your metabolism slows down.(Allman) When it comes to your Weight, a good way to find out if you are overweight or even obese is your BMI or body mass index. If you BNI is surrounded by 25 and 29 you were considered overweight. If your BMI is 30+ then youre considered overweight. (Overweight) Many parents often claim that their kid is not overweight and just has a little baby fat. In fact, babyfat often turned into obesity by second-grade. (Robbins) 27% of America is obese and only 35% of America Holds a normal weight. That leaves an additional 35% of Americans that are overweight. Over 40 million, or one out of three children and teens are overweight or obese. Over ... ... understand is that obesity is a problem of its own. Obesity is classified as a disease If someone is obese they have a disease and they sooner than later will die However, like all dise ases, obesity can be cured. Type 2 diabetes is one of obesitys biggest causes, it often times makes people very irritable and is a resoluteness of low insulin. Obesity causes heart disease such as heart attack and stroke. this is from lack of cardio-vascular exercise.Obesity also cause bone and joint issues, and the briny three are, charcot joint, diabetic hand syndrome and osteoporosis. Walking running and standing are all part of bone and joint issues. Obesity also causes sleep apnea and asthma. remainder apnea causes you to have trouble breathing when you are sleeping and also causes you to have trouble sleeping. Asthma is the shortage of the breath due to the bronchi of the lungs. (CDC)